Effectiveness of the Act on Air Pollution Control Act in Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract:

Ambient air quality monitoring in the Greater Jakarta shows that in recent 5 years Jakartan people can breathe the air in good-category only bellow a month annually.  Several pollution parameters have exceeded the ambient air quality standard (AAQS), especially NOx, SOx, PM10, and O3.  Consequently those status are potentially creating various diseases that suffered by it citizen, especially respiratory disease, hypertension, kidney failure, coronary disease, and even premature death.

And participatory process has been done in relation with legal drafting through public consultation, dialog, hearing, etc. to issue the Local Act on Air Pollution Control in 2005. The Local Act regulates the mandatory to be done by people and stake holder in the Greater Jakarta to reduce air pollution that are cover fuels improvement program, promoting of cleaner vehicle technology, better traffic management, and stringent emission standard as well as act the law enforcement.  The Local Act also regulates incentive and disincentive as well as rewards and penalties to stimulate the effectiveness of emissions reduction effort.

After it passed the transitional period in 2006, the Local Act effectives to be implemented such the programme on using of gases fuels for public transport, promoting bio-fuels, promoting Euro 2 Standard of car, complete BRT corridor, add city train series, road network system, town reboization, promoting flexible hours, promoting of no-smoking areas, decentralized (self financing system) periodic inspection for in-used vehicle, monthly car-free day, and public awareness programme; then the Greater Jakarta success to achieve better air quality.